New Mexico Genealogy Express


a part of Genealogy Express
 
Welcome to the State of
NEW MEXICO
History & Genealogy


 

Source:
ILLUSTRATED HISTORY
of
NEW MEXICO

By Benjamin M. Read
Attorney at Law
Author of the Works
Entitled: "A Historico-Synoptical Sketch of the
Mexico-American War," and
"Historia Ilustrada de Neuvo Mexico"
Ex-Speaker of the House of Representatives of New Mexico
(Translated from the Second Spanish Edition - Revised enlarged, corrected and with notes).
Four books in one volume.

Translated into English under the direction of the Author, by
ELEUTERIO BACA, OF LAS VEGAS, N. M.
Copyright, 1912, by Benjamin M. Ward.

PHOTO OF
Benjamin M. Read,
Santa Fe, N. M.

CONTENTS:

    PAGES
  PREFACE 5-10
  ADDENDUM to the PROLOGUE. 11-15


BOOK I.

CHAPTER I. - 33-48
   - Prehistoric Times
 - Mythological Hypothesis of Historians in regard to the origin and civilization of the Indigenous Races
 - The Aztecs and their Empire
CHAPTER II. - 49-69
   - The Aborigines of New Mexico
 - What is gathered from their traditions regarding their Origin and Source
 - Discovery of America
 - Empire of Montezumas
 - Conquest of Mexico
 - Cortes and Cuahutemoc
CHAPTER III. - 70 - 98
   - Accounts given by Alvar Nunez Cabeza deVaca of the Tragical end of the Armada of Pantilo do Narvaez
 - Graphic Narrative of all that happened between the years 1528-1536, and in the wonderful journey made from coast to coast by Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions
CHAPTER IV. - 99-118
   - The journey of Fray Juan de la Asunci6n and of Fray Márcos de Niza
 - Niza is accompanied by Estevanico, a friar named Onorato and some Indians from New Galicia
 - Description of the journey to Cibola (Zuni) and death of Estevanico
 - Niza takes possession and names the Province
 - Niza's return to Mexico
 - Cortes disputes the discovery of New Mexico against Niza.
CHAPTER V - 119-166
   - Useless efforts of Nono de Guzman to find Cibola
 - Foundation of Culiacan and the Province of New Galicia by Guzman
 - Tradition concerning the seven cities
 - Diego de la Torre Successor to Guzman
 - Coronado successor to Diego de la Torre
 - Mendoza undertakes the discovery of Cibola
 - Coronado and his expedition
 - Outcome of the expedition and its return
 - The whole thing a total failure
 - Fathers Juan de Padilla and Juan de la Cruz, the first martyrs in New Mexico
CHAPTER VI. - 168-192
   - The Foundation of Santa Fe discussed
 - Voyages of Francisco Ibarra
 - Fr. Augustin Rodriguez (Ruiz)
 - Fr. Francisco Lopez and Fer. Juan de Santa Maria
- Chamuscado accompanies them
 - Fr. Bernardino Beltran
 - Antonio de Espejo
 - New Mexico is named
 - Castano de Sosa
 - Bonilla and Juan Humana
 - End of the First Book


BOOK II.

CHAPTER I. - 193-216
   - Epoch of Oñate's Entry
 - The conquest is madein fact
 - Christianization and Pacification of the Indigenes of New Mexico
CHAPTER II. - 217-232
   - Various voyages of Oñate
 - First colony founded with the name of "San Francisco"
 - Mob in the colony
 - A few colonists take to flight
 - Villagrá imprisons them and punishes two of them by hanging
 - Oñate decides to discover the Gulf of California
 - Uprising of the Acomas
 - Villagra is sent to Mexico
 - Dissentions and complains of the priests
 - Other incidents
CHAPTER III. - 233-248
   - Oñate gives report of his operation and asks assistance to follow up the Conquest
 - Sends emissaries to Spain and Mexico.  The differences among the colonists and the army are accentuated to in perilous point
 - Oñate's voyage to La Quivira
 - Fatal outcome of the differences
 - The King grants Oñate and all his people the title of Hijosdalgos
 - Oñate crowns his voyage of conquest with a prosperous trip to the Gulf of California and the Foundation of the City of Santa Fe


BOOK III.

CHAPTER I. - 249-257
   - The new Governor, Don Pedro de Peralta, assumes the reins of the government
 - Fr. Alonzo Pineda arrives as Commissary of the Franciscans and as successor to Father Fr. de Escobar
 - Fr. Estevan Perea succeeds Fr. Alonzo de Pineda
 - Not known whether Don Pedro dePeralta governed to 1620
 - Nor is it known who were his successors
 - New difficulties break out afresh among the Politico and Religious authorities
 - Father Fr. Gerónimo de Zárate Saleron relieves Fr. Estevan Perea
 - Indian conversions continue
 - The Spanish settlements increase
 - New Mexico is raised to a Custodia and Father Benavides is assigned as first Custodian
 - New Mexico is given another governor
 - History of New Mexico by Fr. De Benavides
 - Names of the Governors.
CHAPTER II. - 258-265
   - The murder of Fathers Arvide and Letrado and poisoning of Farther Parras
 - The murder of Governor Rosas
 - Penaloza and the Priests
 - Trip of Peñaloza to Mexico
 - He is punished as a blasphemer
 - His journey of France of England
 - He betrays his Sovereign
 - Uprising of the Indians
CHAPTER III. - 266-271
   - Indian uprising and departure of Otermin-Headed to Paso del Norte
 - What follows is taken from the account of Otermin which is found published as Appendix III.  Volume 1 of Villagra on page eleven et seq.
CHAPTER IV. - 272-294
   - First entry of De Vargas
CHAPTER V. - 295-316
   - Second entry of De Vargas
 - First taking of Santa Fe
 - Faithful Juan Ye discovers the conspiracy
 - Terrible struggle
 - Final taking of the Villa
 - The faithful Pecos Indians
 - Fr. Farfan asks for help
 - The partition and cultivation of the land begins.  New uprisings
 - Surrender of the Apaches
 - Letter to Father Farfan
 - Hostile encounters continue
 - Diplomacy of De Vargas towards the rebels
 - Arrival of Father Farfan and his his colonists
 - Campaign against the Teguas
 - Founding of Santa Cruz de la Cañada
 - Another arising
 - Death of 7 priests and 20 soldiers
 - New governor
 - Charges against De Vargas

 


BOOK IV.

CHAPTER I. - 317-332
   - Government administration of Don Pedro Rodriguez de Cubero
 - Arrival of De Vargas
 - His Government lasts a short time
 - Dies four months after his arrival
 - His last will and testament
 - Francisco Cuervo y Valadez
 - Founding of Albuquerque
 - Chacon succeeds Valdez
 - Governor Chacon and his government administration
 - Don Feliz Martinez and his government
 - Epoch of Governoor Antonio Velarde y Cosio
 - The Franciscans establish Public Schools (1717)
 - Administration of Bustamante
 - Trade with the French
 - French Colony
- First visit of a Bishop
 - Jesuit Fathers
 - Accusation against Bustamante
 - Incumbency of Governors Mendoza, D  Manuel Portilio Urrizola
 - Collados y Rabal
 - Capuchin D. Tomas Velez Capuchin
 - Don Manuel Portillo Urrizola
 - Tomas Velez Capuchin Cubero names "Galisteo" (1697)
 - French expedition (1698)
 - Cubero designates the Pueblo of the Queres with the name of "San Jose de La Laguna" (1699)
CHAPTER II. - 333-344
   - Administration of Mendinueta
 - A Historical Flood and Innundation
 - Harmony between the Civil and Religious Authorities
 - Treaty with the Comanches
 - Historical account by Mendinueta
 - Other events
 - Harmony between the government and the church
 - A priest discovers Salt Lake
 - Change in the form of government
 - Trivol and Anza—D. Manuel Flon is appointed Governor, but does not assume the government
 - Don Fernando de La Concha arrives
 - Abiquiu, Ojo Caliente, Embudo, Chama and Santa Cruz are again settled by the Spaniards.
CHAPTER III. - 345-360
   - Historical events that were recorded between the years 1794-1814
 - Fruits and advantages from the governors Fernando Chacon, Alencaster and Manrique
 - First arrival of North American merchants
 - Election of Don Pedro Bautista Pino to the Spanish Congress
 - His "History" and interesting address
CHAPTER IV. - 361-393
   - Names of the governors continued
 - End of the Spanish and beginning of the Mexican government
 - Two Colleges are established
 - The First Provincial Deputation
 - Visit of the Bishop of Durango
 - The First Newspaper
 - Bent's Fort
 - Incoming of Governor Perez
 - His Inaugural Address
 - The revolution of the Chimayoes
 - Death of Governor Perez and other officials
 - Patriotism of Armijo and other citizens
 - Death of the Insurrecto Chieftains
 - Triumph of Law and Justice
 - Other incidents
 - Armijo assumes the command of the forces
 - The Insurrectos surrender
 - Imprisonment and punishment of their chiefs
 - A sedition breeder escapes at Santa Cruz
 - Issues an Insurrection Proclamation
 - Claims made by American Merchants
CHAPTER V. - 394-409
   - Armijo makes a report to the government
 - Is confirmed in office
 - Is suspended temporarily
 - Leanza and Chaves act ad Interim
 - The government system is changed
 - Custom Duties are established at Taos
 - Discovery of the "Placer Viejo" and other minerals
 - Expansion of Mercantile Trade
 - American Consulate U. S. Commercial Agency in Santa Fe
 - Texas Invasion
 - McLeod surrenders with all his Force
 - Other Texan Expeditions
CHAPTER VI. - 410-452
   - The Utes attack Governor Martinez
 - Heroism of the Governor's wife
 - Last Election of Senators and members of the Mexican Congress and Territorial Official, Under Mexican Rule
 - Invasion of the American Army
 - March of the American Army
 - Taking of Santa Fe
 - Organization of the New Government
 - Formal Appointment of Officers
 - An Anti-American Pronouncement
 - Bent starts for Taos and is assassinated
 - Others die with him
 - Padre Martinez saves an American
 - And the families of the murdered men
 - Murders in Mora and Las Vegas
 - Measures are taken for the punishment of the rebels
 - Surrender of the Taos Indians and execution of their chief
 - Assault and punishment of the Mora Insurrectos
 - End of the War with Mexico
 - Historical letter from California
CHAPTER VII. - 253, 468
   - Price assumes charge of the government
 - The people are split into factions
 - A convention meets and adopts a memorial to Congress asking for a Territorial government
 - Visit of Cure Ortiz to repatriate Mexicans
 - Formal organization of opposing parties
 - Organization of a State Government
 - Election of Senators
 - Protest of Governor Monroe
 - Alvarez receives bad news
 - The Territorial Government
 - First Delegate to Congress
CHAPTER VIII. - 469-198
   - Richard H. Weightman directly elected by the people
 - Energetic defense of the people of New Mexico and Civil Government
 - Correct description of the lamentable political condition of New Mexico in those years
 - Alvarez is and is not governor for three days
 - Lane takes possession of a portion of Mexican Territory claimed by the State of Chihuahua
 - Other matters of importance
 - Slavery in New Mexico
CHAPTER IX. - 499-532
   - Agriculture and industry
 - Geography, Topography and Boundaries
 - Live Stock industry
 - Wars
 - Civil War
 - War with the Apache and Navajo Indians
 - War with Spain
 - Church
 - Indians
 - Mineral Branch
 - Copper, Gold and Silver
 - Missions and Missionaries
 - The Franciscans
 - Orphan Asylum in Santa Fe
 - Jesuit of Albuquerque, Silver City, Gallup, Las Vegas and Deming
CHAPTER X. - 533-563
   - Primitive Teaching
 - Private School and First Law about Teaching
 - Private Colleges
 - Message of Governor Virgil
 - First School for Teaching English
 - Bishop Lamy
 - Second School for the Teaching of English
 - School for Girls
 - Sisters of Loretto
 - Sisters of Loretto Incorporated
 - Real Estate and Improvements of the Sisters and their value
 - Christian Brothers
 - The Brothes start for New Mexico
 - Opening of the College
 - New Director
 - Brothers Geramius and Domiciano
 - New Director and New Era
 - The good the College has done
 - Silver Jubilee
 - Golden Jubilee
 - Sisters of Charity
 - Incoming of the Jesuits
 - Their Missions and pedagogical labors
 - Las Vegas College
 - Parochial School at Santa Fe
 - Public Schools
 - Superintendent of Public Instruction
 - County School Superintendent
 - School Distracts and Municipalities
 - Counties of the State
 - Number of pupils, funds
 - Sectarian Private Schools
 - Pedagogical Institutions of the State of New Mexico
 - Additional Funds
 - School for Indians
 - Summary
 - Penal Institutions and otherwise
 - Population of New Mexico at different epochs
CHAPTER XI. - 564-594
   - History of the Commerce and the Economical Conditions of New Mexico, from the early times of its history to the year 1812, as written by Don Pedro Bautista Pino, who was deputy of New Mexico to the Cortes of Spain from 1810 to 1820, and included in his "Historical and Statistical Notes Concerning the Ancient Province of New Mexico," which he presented to the Cortes of Spain at Cadiz in the year 1812, and to which are added an "Addition" made to said "Historical Notes" by Don Antonio Barreiro in 1832, and Don Jose Agustin de Escudero in 1843, both attorneys in Mexico, all fo which is found from pages 71 to 82, inclusive, of said "Historical and Statistical Notes" of said Pedro Bautista Pino, and the Statistics from the year 1842, to our days - Commerce under the American Government
 - Incorporated Corporations for Pecuniary purposes
 - banking Conditions
 - Historical Society
 - Santa Fe Trail
 - Etc.
CHAPTER XII. - 595-644
   - Grants or Donations of Land
 - Government Officials and Administration of Justice
 - Under the Mexican Government
 - Under the American Government
 - Tribunals of Justice
 - Sheriff and Constables
 - Political Department
 - Legislation and the Executive Governors under Military Appointment
 - Under Organic Law
 - Secretaries of State
 - Chief Justices of the Supreme Court
 - Delegates in Congress
 - Territorial Legislatures and their Presiding Officials
 - Bar Association
 - Celebration of Marshall's Anniversary
 - Statehood Question, Struggle and Admission into the Union
CHAPTER XIII - 645-656
   - Historical Chain composed of diverse events
 - The Navajoes
 - Founding of Puerto de Luna
 - Troublesome times with the Indians
 - Lincoln County War
 - A Phenomenal Swindler
 - Visit of a distinguished Mexican General
 - The Rock of El Moro
 - Tragedy Aubrey
 - Weightman
 - Aubrey's death
 - Tragical death of Beck and Gorman


APPENDIX.

APPENDIX I. - 657-714
   - Historical Memorial of Fr. Benavidez to the King of Spain
APPENDIX II. - 715-722
   - History of New Mexico by Father Frejes
APPENDIX III. - 723-726
   - Names of the Franciscan Fathers who died as Martyrs in New Mexico.
APPENDIX IV. - 727
   - Photographs and Sketches published in Alphabetical order.
  Illustrations of Public Buildings, Rare Documents, such as letters from men who figured prominently in the History of New Mexico, Newspaper and Photograveurs of Prelates and other Distinguished Historical Characters are Distributed through the Work  
  Alphabetical Index - Testimonials.  

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